H1 and heading structure checker

Count the H1s on your page, see the full heading outline, and find the level jumps and empty headings that break the structure a crawler reads.

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What this checks

This counts the H1, H2 and H3 elements on the page, reads the text of the first H1, and reports the outline. A second check walks the headings in document order and flags level jumps, an H2 followed directly by an H4, and headings that contain no text at all, which is what happens when a heading tag is used to make something look big.

Why it matters

Headings are the only structure in a document that a machine can rely on. A search engine uses the outline to work out what a page covers and which part answers which question, and an assistant uses exactly the same boundaries to decide where a quotable passage starts and stops. A page with one clear H1 and honest section headings is easier to quote, which is the same property our answer extractability check scores directly.

How to read a bad result

No H1 is a failure: the strongest statement of what a page is about is simply absent. Multiple H1s is a warning rather than a fault, since HTML5 permits it and search engines cope, but one clear H1 removes the ambiguity for free. Level jumps and empty headings usually mean headings are being chosen for their size rather than their level, and the fix is CSS rather than restructuring.

Heading faults come from design systems rather than from writers, so they repeat across every page built from the same components. The audit crawls and reports the pattern, which turns a page-level oddity into a component to fix once.

A failing result, and what it costs

Headings chosen for their size. This is one page's outline, and it is what happens when a design system exposes heading levels as type scales.

The H1 is a social-proof line rather than the subject of the page. The section titles are H4s because H4 was the right size. A testimonial is an H2, which makes it a top-level section. And there is an empty heading, which is a heading tag holding a decorative rule. The outline a machine reads from this describes a page about being trusted by 400 teams, with one major section that is a customer quote — and the parts that are actually the page are two levels down. The check counts the levels, walks them in document order, and flags the jumps and the empties.

<h1 class="eyebrow">Trusted by 400 teams</h1>
<h4 class="section-title">What we do</h4>
<h2 class="quote">“They transformed our pipeline”</h2>
<h4 class="section-title">How it works</h4>
<h3></h3>

How to fix it

  1. Choose the level for meaning and the size in CSS.Almost every fault here is a design system exposing levels as sizes. Decoupling them fixes the whole class at once.
  2. One H1, and make it the subject.Multiple H1s are valid HTML and search engines cope. One clear statement of what the page is about is still better than two competing ones, and it costs nothing.
  3. Do not skip levels.H2 followed by H4 tells a parser a level exists that does not. Nest honestly and the outline reads correctly without any further work.
  4. Delete empty heading tags.A heading with no text is a heading about nothing. If it is there for spacing or a rule, it is a div.

Questions people ask

Can a page have more than one H1?

It is valid HTML and search engines handle it. It still weakens the signal, because two competing statements of the topic are worse than one clear one. Use a single H1 and let H2s carry the sections.

Does the H1 have to match the title tag?

No, and they usually should not match exactly. The title is written for a search result and the H1 for someone already on the page. They should agree on the topic and can differ in wording.

Do headings affect AI citation?

Yes, more than most people expect. Headings are where a model chunks a page. Sections bounded by a clear heading, with the answer in the first line, are what gets lifted into an answer.

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